The ether is a vital organ and its health is key to our lives. What types of fatty livers exist and how dangerous they are?! When we talk about physical health and problems, we often mention high blood pressure, cholesterol, arthritis, problems with sugar, but not fatty liver, which is similar to them in many ways. On the one hand, it is equally common, and on the other hand, it primarily affects people older than 50 years.
Another name for fatty liver is liver steatosis.
It is normal for fat to be present in the liver, but if it makes up more than five to 10 percent of the weight of the liver, it is possible to have alcoholic or non-alcoholic liver disease. In some cases, these diseases can lead to serious complications.
Fatty liver generally does not cause discomfort, i.e., it only brings pain under the right side of the chest due to the enlargement of the liver. It can be alcoholic or non-alcoholic. In addition to these, there is cirrhosis of the liver, when there is anorexia, weakness, fatigue, and sometimes nausea and vomiting.
The main causes of fatty liver are obesity, alcoholism, or diabetes.
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So let's go through the basic types.
Fatty liver occurs as a result of the accumulation of fat in the liver. Fatty liver is caused by numerous congenital and acquired disorders of fat metabolism. Causes can be: drugs and toxins (alcohol, corticosteroids, contraception), dietary causes (obesity, diabetes, starvation, disorders of fat metabolism, pancreatic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease), then hereditary diseases (cystic fibrosis, galactosemia, Wilson's disease and second), then viral diseases (hepatitis C).
Fatty liver has long been considered a benign condition that does not progress to disease, but recent findings show that it can be very serious and lead to cirrhosis of the liver.
Clinical picture Fatty liver mostly does not cause discomfort or only causes pain under the right side of the chest due to liver enlargement. It is most often diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound and laboratory elevated liver test values.
Treatment depends on the cause, but it should be noted that there is no specific pharmacological therapy for this condition. In most patients, it is useful to reduce body weight and stop taking substances that have led to fatty liver, which leads to improved findings. Of course, it is necessary to be physically active, to follow a diet, to avoid unnecessary medications, as well as to regulate blood sugar.
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NASH is a disease that causes changes in the liver that are the same as in alcoholic liver disease, and it occurs in people who do not consume alcohol. NASH is thought to be the cause of most previously causally obscure liver cirrhosis. This is a serious health problem. Risk factors for NASH are divided into these categories: drugs and toxins, hereditary and acquired metabolic disorders. NASH most commonly occurs in obese middle-aged women, in insulin-independent diabetes and elevated blood fats.
The clinical picture of NASH is in most patients without concerns and is most often diagnosed accidentally, during laboratory blood tests as part of a systematic examination. Patients sometimes complain of fatigue, malaise, pain under the right side of the chest. It is not uncommon to find an enlargement of the liver, and sometimes the spleen. It has been unequivocally proven that NASH leads to cirrhosis if left untreated.
There is no specific therapy for NASH. It tries to control body weight and disorders of fats and sugars, while avoiding potentially toxic drugs.
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Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease that leads to changes in the structure of liver tissue, blood vessels and liver cells. Which can lead to jaundice, increased pressure in the liver vein system, the appearance of free fluid in the abdominal cavity, impaired consciousness and liver failure. The causes of cirrhosis are divided into the following categories:
Viral hepatitis (B, C, D), metabolic diseases (hemochromatosis,
Wilson's disease, cystic fibrosis,
galactosemia, porphyria),
diseases of the biliary system (bile duct obstruction by stones, tumors, etc.), venous blood flow disorders,
drugs and toxins in immune diseases, as well as other causes (for example, the mentioned NASH or sarcoidosis).
Patients with cirrhosis of the liver experience anorexia, weakness, fatigue, and sometimes nausea and vomiting. Fever often occurs, which is an additional diagnostic problem due to the need to exclude the source of infection. The temperature is usually constant and slightly elevated. The symptoms of cirrhosis are numerous and complex, so for ease of presentation they can be divided into the following:
Digestive system: bad breath, enlargement of the ear glands, dilation of the blood vessels of the digestive system, which results in bleeding, as well as stomach ulcers.
Circulatory system: coagulation disorders, anemia
Lung system: blue mouth, enlargement of fingertips, effusion in the chest.
Cardiovascular system: effusion in the pericardium, rapid pulse, hypotension, development of heart disease.
Kidneys: salt and water retention, as well as kidney failure, which is often fatal.
Nervous system: disorders of consciousness and peripheral neurological disorders.
Skin changes: jaundice, redness of the palms, reticular varicose veins, changes in the nails, hair loss.
Musculoskeletal abnormalities in the form of loss of muscle mass, frequent hernias, osteoporosis.
In the system of endocrine glands, changes occur that lead to loss of libido, impotence, decreased testicles, loss of menstruation, infertility, and the appearance of diabetes. Which in patients with cirrhosis of the liver is treated with tablets and not insulin.
Liver disease without fluid in the stomach and bleeding can have a very effective therapy.
Again and again, and in this case it can be said that the most successful treatment is good prevention. In most cases, this means abstinence or moderate alcohol consumption and, avoiding risky behaviors for virus transmission (unprotected sex, intravenous narcotics, etc.) and strict control of preparations of human origin used in transfusions. Preventive systematic examinations with testing for hepatitis B and C are recommended.
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